Everyone learns and develops at their own pace.  For people who have an intellectual disability, learning new skills and managing everyday activities may take more time or may require more support.  Each person has their own strengths, abilities and support needs. 

Intellectual disability is one of five diagnoses that may qualify a person for services under California’s Lanterman Act.  This law gives people with developmental disabilities the right to services and supports that meet their needs.  These needs are identified through a person-centered planning process. 

In California, about 45 percent of people who qualify for these services have an intellectual disability.  With the right support, people can build skills, make choices and take part in their communities. 

What is intellectual disability?  

Intellectual disability affects how a person learns, solves problems and manages everyday activities.  It begins during childhood and continues throughout a person’s life. 

Intellectual disability is one type of developmental disability.  Developmental disabilities include several diagnoses that begin during a person’s developmental years and can affect daily life. 

You may also hear the term intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD).  This term is often used when discussing these diagnoses together. 

How can intellectual disability affect daily life? 

People with intellectual disability may want or need support in different areas, including:   

  • Learning: Receiving and understanding new information, solving problems or remembering instructions 
  • Communication: Expressing wants and needs or understanding what other people say 
  • Daily activities: Getting dressed, bathing, preparing meals or managing money 
  • Learning new skills: Following routines, remembering steps or completing tasks independently 

People who have an intellectual disability also may have other diagnoses, such as autism, epilepsy or other health concerns.  These diagnoses can affect the type of support they need. 

Supports for people with intellectual disability 

Services and supports may change throughout a person’s lifetime.  People who have an intellectual disability may need different services and supports as they grow and their needs and goals change.  These may include: 

  • Support with learning and developing new skills 
  • Independent living skills such as, learning to cook, manage money or complete everyday tasks 
  • Behavioral, occupational, speech and physical therapies 
  • Assistive devices or tools that support communication and daily activities 
  • Employment training and services to prepare for and find a job 
  • Residential and day programs to support people at home and in their communities 
  • Transportation services to get to work, appointments or community activities 
  • Respite services to provide short-term care while family caregivers attend to their other needs or rest 

The services each person receives depend on their individual needs and choices. 


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