This is the first article in our new Clinical Corner series. In this series, Department experts will turn research into practical insights for everyday life.
The early years are a key time for learning. Research shows that when children with autism receive support during this period, they are more likely to make progress in communication, behavior, and daily routines. Early intervention also can reduce stress for families.
Early support also gives families tools they need to improve interactions with their children.
What is autism?
Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition that can affect communication, social interaction, behavior, and sensory experiences.
For young children, this may include:
- Delayed spoken language
- Difficulty pointing
- Delays in noticing what others are pointing to
- Pulling an adult’s hand to get something they want
- Preference for playing alone or lack of interest in peers
- Differences in play skills
- Not using toys as intended
- Food selectivity
- Preference for routine
- Very frequent repetitive motor movements
More information about early developmental milestones can be found at Center for Disease Control’s Developmental Milestones.
What early support can look like for your child
Screening is recommended at 18 and 24 months because autism often can be identified before age 3.
Early intervention can help build communication and daily living skills for your child. Families may notice:
- More communication (words, gestures, or signs)
- Better interaction and play skills
- Progress with daily routines like eating or dressing
- Fewer challenges during everyday activities
What families can do
Contact your local regional center about early intervention services.
If your child is eligible for early intervention services, here are some things families and caregivers can do to support them:
- Practice skills during everyday routines, including:
- Communication skills, like spoken language, manual sign language, and augmentative and alternative forms of communication such as high-tech apps and gestures
- Functional skills, including self-help skills like dressing, feeding, safe climbing and play skills
- Work with providers to learn strategies you can use at home
What services are available?
In California, early intervention services are available through Early Start for children under the age of 3.
Services may include:
- Speech therapy
- Occupational therapy
- Behavioral services
- Special instruction
- Physical therapy
These services often take place in your home or community.
Why do early intervention services exist?
Early intervention is supported by federal law through the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).
Originally passed in 1975 as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, IDEA established important protections and services for children with disabilities.
In California, this led to the creation of Early Start in 1993. Early Start provides services for infants and toddlers with developmental delays or disabilities. These programs were created to help children get identified early and receive support during a key stage of development.